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Out-of-Pocket (OOP) Spending of CDDs - Nigeria

The goal of this study is to establish the incidence and cost of Mass Administration of Medicine (MAM)-related out-of-pocket spending by CDDs and potentially, teachers.

These are costs they incur to partake in the MAM programme. The objectives of this sub-study are:

  1. To estimate OOP spending on NTD programme implementation at all levels
  1. To assess the factors responsible for OOP spending among NTD programme and community implementers
  2. To determine the impact of this spending on the implementers and their families as well as on programme implementation
  3. To compare OOP spending during MAM and off MAM periods and to determine how this affects implementers (their households) and the NTD control programme.

 

Research Design

To estimate the factors that influence an individual’s decision to incur OOP, we will use hurdle models for the analysis. Hurdle models allow us to model the decision by the CDD or teacher to incur a cost during the implementation of MAMs and the amount they incur. It is a two-tiered model with the first being a probit model and the second, a log-normal model.

 

Journal Publications

  • Campbell, S. J., Osei-Atweneboana, Mike Y., Stothard, R., Koukounari, A., Cunningham, L., Armoo, S. K., Biritwum, N-K., Gyapong, M., MacPherson, E., Theobald, S., Woode, M. E., Khan, J., Niessen, L., Adams, E. R., (2018), “What is needed to expand preventive chemotherapy access to non-target groups? The COUNTDOWN study protocol for alternative mass drug administration strategies against schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Ghana,”Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Vol 3 (10), doi:10.3390/tropicalmed3010010

 

Working Papers

  • Woode, M. E., Khan, J., Thomson, R., Niessen, L., COUNTDOWN, (2018) “Equity and Efficiency in the Scaled-up Implementation of Integrated Neglected Tropical Disease Control: The Health Economics Protocol of the COUNTDOWN Multi-Country Study,” (Submitted)

 

Work in Progress

  • Accessibility and Adherence to Mass Drug Administrations: Evidence from Three Sub-Saharan African Countries
  • The Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of Expanded Community Treatment of Schistosomiasis in Cameroon and Ghana
  • The Cost-Effectiveness of Onchocerciasis Treatment with Doxycycline in the Meme Basin of Cameroon
  • Poverty and NTDs: Evidence from Three Sub-Saharan African Countries
  • The Budget Impact of NTD Control in Nigeria: A Forecasting Tool
  • A Mixed Methods Approach to Evaluating Provider- and Implementer-Related Out-of-Pocket Spending in the Delivery of NTD MAM Programme in Nigeria: Evidence from Ogun and Kaduna
  • Motivation and Incentive Preferences of Frontline Providers in NTD MAM implementation in Nigeria: An Experimental Economics Approach Applied to Ogun and Kaduna

 

Conference Presentations and Blogs